| 1. | Problems of urbanization are widely noted and studied, not only because of their absolute magnitude but also because of their visibility .
城市化的问题正在受到广泛的注意和研究，不仅因为这些问题十分重要，而且非常突出。
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| 2. | We can also talk about the absolute magnitudes of objects like star clusters , galaxies , etc
绝对星等的概念可推广至星团星系等。
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| 3. | For example , the apparent magnitude of our sun is - 26 . 8 , but its absolute magnitude is just 4 . 8 . the absolute magnitude describes the
例如太阳的视星等为- 26 . 9等，但它的绝对星等只有4 . 8等。
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| 4. | We know the luminosity is directly related to the absolute magnitude . so , in practice , we usually use absolute magnitudes instead
由于光度和绝对星等有直接的对应关系，所以很多时赫罗图会选用绝对星等。
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| 5. | This greatly simplifies the various analyses , for example , their relative apparent magnitudes are equal to their relative absolute magnitudes
当然，成员星和地球的距离亦会差不多，因此大大简化了对成员星的分析。
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| 6. | The hertzsprung - russell diagram serves this purpose . it is a plot of absolute magnitude against surface temperature i . e . , spectral type of stars
简单来说，赫罗图把大量恒星的绝对星等和表面温度或谱型关系以图表方式显示出来。
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| 7. | Two stars have the same absolute magnitude . one is thousand times farther away than the other . what is the difference in apparent magnitudes ? which magnitude larger
两颗星具有相同的绝对星等，其中的一颗比另一颗距离远1000倍，它们的目视星等有何不同？哪一个的星等数值大？
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| 8. | The longer the period , the brighter the star is . thus , by measuring the period of a cepheid variable , we know its absolute magnitude , hence , we can tell how far it is away by comparing with its apparent magnitude
所以，只要知道某一造父变星的周期，我们便可得知它的绝对星等，只要和它的视星等作比较，便可以求得它和我们的距离。
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| 9. | A typical red supergiant could be about 100 times larger than the red giant . its surface temperature is low while the total luminosity remains high , with absolute magnitude up to - 10 comparing to 4 . 8 of our sun
典型的超红巨星比普通红巨星大上100倍，虽然表面温度低，但整体光度仍然非常高，绝对星等可达- 10太阳的绝对星等只有4 . 8 。
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| 10. | The second part is concerned with the comprehensive evaluation of relations between risks , their absolute magnitude and relative order of risks . methods of point rating and fuzzy integrative evaluation methods are employed here
对于整体风险的评价，则包括各类风险之间的关系，整体风险大小以及风险的排序三方面内容，主要采用了主观评分法和模糊综合评价法。
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